David Nivison

Family Name: The surname 牛 (Niú) is derived from the ancient Chinese character for 'ox' or 'cattle,' symbolizing strength and diligence. It originates from the descendants of the legendary Emperor Shen Nong (also known as the 'Divine Farmer'), one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors of Chinese mythology. Legend has it that a descendant named Niú Fu served as the Grand Tutor during the Zhou Dynasty and was granted the surname 牛 after being enfeoffed at Niú Shǒu Shān (Ox Head Mountain) in present-day Shaanxi Province. Another origin traces back to a minister named Niú Fu during the Spring and Autumn period, whose descendants also adopted the surname 牛. Additionally, some Niú families changed their surnames to 牛 due to official decree or personal choice.